Authors, date Country	Patient: sex, age	HCQ treatment indication	Relevant personal or family history of PD	HCQ dosage (and relevant pharmacological interactions)	NSE	Time to onset of NSE (after HCQ introduction)	Imputability score	Medical care	Time to resolution of NSE	Follow-up
Ward et al., 1985 UK	40-year-old man	non systemic lupus (DLE)	no	a- 800 mg/d	impaired concentration, irritability, bossy behaviour	2 weeks	_	HCQ stop, no AP	7-12 days	_
Ward et al., 1985 UK	40-year-old man	non systemic lupus (DLE)	no	b- 400 mg/d	irritability, decrease in attention span, perseverations, megalomaniac thoughts	3 weeks	_	HCQ stop, no AP	7-12 days	_
Ferraro et al., 2004 France	75-year-old woman	non systemic lupus (EPLP)	no	a- 400 mg/d (+ methylprednisolone 0.5 mg/kg/j)	nightmares, (excitement under glucocorticoids)	10 days	I4 (C3,S3)	withdrawal of glucorticoids	1 month	no recurrence of PD after 2.5 years
Ferraro et al., 2004 France	75-year-old woman	non systemic lupus (EPLP)	no	b- 400 mg/d	temporo-spatial disorientaton (brief episode), depersonalization, cenesthetic hallucinations (sensations of altered states in bodily organs, burning sensation in the brain)	> 10 days	I4 (C3,S3)	HCQ stop, no AP	1 month	no recurrence of PD after 2.5 years
Hsu et al., 2011 Taiwan	49-year-old woman	SLE	no	100 mg/d	manic-like episode with psychotic features: sleep disorders, anxiety, irritability, grandiose and mystical delusions, auditory verbal hallucinations, treatment refusal, persecutory delusions	8 years!	Naranjo probability scale: 5 points	HCQ stop, risperidone 2 mg/d	after 7 days under AP medication	_
Das et al., 2014 USA	43-year-old man	chronic Q fever	no	a- 300 mg/d (in association with doxycycline 200 mg/d and rifampin 600 mg/d (1 month) replaced by ciprofloxacin 1.5 g/d)	auditory verbal, visual and cenesthetic hallucinations	4 months	_	HCQ stop, haloperidol (2 days, dosage NS)	after a few days	no NSE for 7 months
Das et al., 2014 USA	43-year-old man	chronic Q fever	no	b- 400 mg/d	visual hallucinations (e.g., squirrel, child), cenesthetic hallucinations (e.g., crawling bugs and fire on the skin), auditory verbal hallucinations (children's voices), mental automatism (people on television talked to him)	3 months	_	HCQ stop, olanzapine 5 mg (single-dose administration)	3 days	no recurrence at 8th day follow-up visit
Gonzalez-Nieto & Costa-Juan, 2015 Spain	36-year-old woman	SLE and APS	borderline personality disorder without psychotropic treatment	a - 200 mg/d (+ prednisone 10 mg/d)	generalized anxiey, suicidal ideation, auditory and kinaesthetic hallucinations	1 month	_	decrease of prednisone (5 mg/d), HCQ stop, fluvoxamine and risperidone	NS	5 years of stability
Gonzalez-Nieto & Costa-Juan, 2015 Spain	36-year-old woman	SLE and APS		b - dosage NS (no corticosteroid)	suicidal ideation, self-harm, kinaesthetic and auditory hallucinations	1 week	_	HCQ stop	NS	no recurrence of NSE
Altintas, 2015 Turkey	73-year-old woman	rheumatoid arthritis	no	400 mg/d	verbigerations, auditory verbal and visual hallucinations, speech and swallowing disorders, contractions of the body, crying, no confusion diagnosed	5 days	_	HCQ stop, intramuscular diazepam, olanzapine 5 mg/d	after 1 month under AP medication	no recurrence of PD after 2 months
Cravero et al., 2021 France	17-year-old female adolescent	non systemic lupus (DLE)	no personal history of PD; PTSD and depressive disorder in a first-degree relative	a- 400 mg/d (in association with nifedipine 30 mg/d)	1 - asthenia, vertigo, visual disturbances, bicycle fall and toe fracture 2 - fall from her height (probable orthostatic hypotension)	2 days to 3 weeks 2 months	I4 (C3,S1)	HCQ stop after 3 months	_	improvement during 6 months
Cravero et al., 2021 France	17-year-old female adolescent	non systemic lupus (DLE)		b- 400 mg/d (in association with thalidomide 100 mg/d (2 months) then 50 mg/j)	1 - asthenia, headaches, nightmares, sadness, feelings of persecution, weight loss 2 - psychotic episode: auditory verbal hallucinations, persecutive delusions; suicidal ideation; school dropout 3 - suicide attempt (drug intoxication)	2 weeks 1 month 2 months	I4 (C3,S1)	HCQ stop after suicidal attempt, risperidone 8 mg/d (6 weeks), 5 mg/d (10 days) and stop	after 1 month under AP medication	no recurrence of PD after 3 years